1. Review Front Immunol. 2020 May 19;11:951.
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a polypeptide hormone belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate and colon. Similarly to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxy-terminal domain. GDF-15 has been studied to have a wide range of biological functions in physiology and pathology, especially in aging, cancer, and metabolic processes.
Determined by its ability to inhibit alkaline phosphatase activity in differentiating MC3T3/E1 osetoblast cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is less than 50ng/ml.
1μg (R: reducing condition, N: non-reducing condition).